Europe 1849: May Uprisings

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Political map of Europe & the Mediterranean on 09 May 1849 (Springtime of Peoples: May Uprisings), showing the following events: French landing at Civitavecchia; Austrian intervention in Tuscany; Palatine Uprising; May Uprising in Dresden; Siege of Buda; Frankfurt Resolution; May Uprising in Rhenish Prussia.

late  6AD
Sep  9AD
16AD
18AD
26AD
36AD
23 Jan 41AD
Aug 43AD
47AD
sum 49AD
early 54AD
sum 59AD
60/61AD
fall 62AD
Oct 66AD
7 Jun 68AD
14 Jan 69AD
14 Apr 69AD
15 Jul 69AD
24 Oct 69AD
16 Dec 69AD
14 Apr 70AD
15 Apr 74AD
24 Oct 79AD
sum 84AD
sum 88AD
18 Sep 96AD
sum  102
8 Aug  106
sum  107
fall  113
fall  114
14 Oct  115
Sep  116
10 Aug  117
sum  122
late  132
spr  142
fall  161
spr  166
Aug  170
3 May  175
16 Mar  180
30 Dec  192
19 Apr  193
31 Mar  194
19 Feb  197
28 Jan  198
Dec  202
sum  210
Sep  213
sum  216
8 Jun  218
28 Apr  224
6 Apr  227
fall  232
fall  235
2 Apr  238
9 May  238
sum  242
11 Feb  244
Sep  249
Jun  251
Aug  253
spr  254
sum  257
late  258
mid  260
11 Sep  260
spr  261
Jan  262
early  263
fall  267
spr  268
268/ 269
Apr  270
Oct  270
spr  271
sum  271
spr  272
sum  272
Jul  273
sum  274
Sep  275
early  276
Aug  276
sum  278
late  280
Jul  283
Dec  284
Jul  285
early  287
1 Mar  293
Sep  296
spr  297
late  298
c. 302
1 May  305
28 Oct  306
fall  307
11 Nov  308
Jul  310
10 Jun  311
28 Oct  312
30 Apr  313
8 Oct  316
1 Mar  317
May  323
18 Sep  324
11 May  330
late  332
sum  336
9 Sep  337
Apr  340
sum  346
18 Jan  350
3 Jun  350
28 Sep  351
3 Jul  353
11 Aug  355
24 Jun  356
sum  357
Feb  360
3 Nov  361
29 May  363
11 Jul  363
Dec  364
1 Nov  365
Jun  366
24 Aug  367
sum  368
27 Aug  369
spr  371
early  373
sum  374
sum  376
early  377
spr  378
9 Aug  378
19 Jan  379
3 Oct  382
25 Aug  383
early  387
Jul  388
Apr  390
22 Aug  392
5 Sep  394
17 Jan  395
fall  395
early  396
late  397
Apr  400
early  402
mid  405
sum  406
31 Dec  406
spr  407
spr  408
Dec  408
spr  409
12 Oct  409
early  410
24 Aug  410
spr  411
18 Sep  411
mid  412
spr  413
late  414
early  416
spr  417
fall  418
early  420
8 Feb  421
early  422
sum  422
20 Nov  423
May  425
Feb  426
sum  427
May  429
May  430
28 Aug  430
sum  431
late  432
mid  433
11 Feb  435
26 Apr 1809
21 May 1809
5 Jul 1809
20 Aug 1809
14 Oct 1809
5 Feb 1810
9 Jul 1810
13 Dec 1810
3 May 1811
14 Oct 1811
7 Jan 1812
16 Mar 1812
24 Jun 1812
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14 Sep 1812
24 Oct 1812
26 Nov 1812
3 Mar 1813
20 Apr 1813
4 Jun 1813
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26 Aug 1813
16 Oct 1813
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11 Dec 1813
14 Jan 1814
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30 May 1814
1 Nov 1814
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3 May 1815
18 Jun 1815
6 Jul 1815
26 Sep 1815
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28 Sep 1820
22 Apr 1821
31 Aug 1823
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14 Sep 1826
20 Oct 1827
30 Oct 1828
13 Sep 1829
14 Jun 1830
23 Sep 1830
26 Feb 1831
17 Feb 1832
21 Dec 1832
6 May 1833
27 Jul 1833
17 Jun 1834
20 Jun 1837
15 Jul 1840
27 Nov 1840
10 Sep 1844
3 Nov 1847
24 Feb 1848
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11 Apr 1848
3 May 1848
23 Jun 1848
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26 Aug 1848
29 Oct 1848
19 Dec 1848
23 Mar 1849
14 Apr 1849
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26 May 1849
3 Jul 1849
28 Aug 1849
29 Apr 1850
29 Nov 1850
2 Dec 1852
28 Mar 1854
5 Nov 1854
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1 Apr 1857
5 Feb 1859
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25 Aug 1859
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29 May 1860
22 Oct 1860
17 Mar 1861
24 Dec 1863
30 Oct 1864
14 Jun 1866
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21 Dec 1867
1 Sep 1870
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28 Jan 1871
10 May 1871
2 Jan 1878
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15 Nov 1884
4 Jan 1894
19 Sep 1898
8 Apr 1904
31 Mar 1906
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1 Jul 1911
17 May 1912
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25 Sep 1913
28 Jun 1914
4 Aug 1914
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30 Jan 1933
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1 Aug 1948
7 Oct 1949
21 Sep 1955
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22 Feb 1958
26 Jun 1963
26 May 1972
15 Jun 1977
25 Apr 1982
10 Nov 1989
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15 Jan 2024

In Germany, the National Assembly in Frankfurt had produced a constitution for a new German Empire with King Frederick William IV of Prussia as its Emperor. However Frederick William rejected the role while only the smaller German states proved willing to adopt the constitution, provoking a new wave of revolutions in support of the National Assembly.

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Main Events

25 Apr 1849 French landing at Civitavecchia▲

In April 1849 about ten thousand French Republican troops under General Charles Oudinot landed at Civitavecchia, north-west of Rome, in an invasion of Roman Republic. Simultaneously, some four thousand Spanish troops were landed at Gaeta, in the Kingdom of Naples, where Pope Pius IX remained in refuge. Although disconcerted at being attacked by their fellow republicans, Roman Republicans were encouraged in their resolve when the popular Italian revolutionary Giuseppe Garibaldi made his long-awaited triumphal entry into Rome two days later. in wikipedia

26 Apr–25 May 1849 Austrian intervention in Tuscany▲

Acknowledging the request of the municipal council of Florence in April 1849, Grand Duke Leopold II agreed to return to Tuscany to resume his rule but at the same time secretly invited Austrian military intervention. Towards the end of the month, fifteen thousand troops of Austrian Empire entered the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, occupying Lucca and Livorno at the beginning of May and capturing Florence on the 25th. With the Grand Duchy secured, Leopold returned to rule at the end of July. in wikipedia

2 May 1849 Palatine Uprising▲

In December 1848 leftists gained the majority of the seats in the first parliamentary elections held in the Kingdom of Bavaria, including all nineteen seats in the Rhenish province of the Palatinate. Pushing back against this new leftist influence in his government, King Maximilian II of Bavaria dismissed a bill of rights passed by parliament in January 1849, then completely rejected the Frankfurt Constitution in April. Enraged by the king’s measures, in early May people’s associations in Kaiserslautern established a “State Committee for the Defense and Implementation of the Constitution” and quickly gained control of the Palatinate. in wikipedia

3–9 May 1849 May Uprising in Dresden▲

In early May 1849 a popular uprising broke out in Dresden, capital of the Kingdom of Saxony, when King Frederick Augustus II refused to accept the Frankfurt Constitution and called on Prussian troops to support his rule. The king and his government were soon forced to flee to the fortress of Königstein, leaving the capital in the hands of the revolutionaries. However, the rebel victory was short-lived and within a week the Saxon army, supported by Prussian troops, retook Dresden and restored the king’s rule in Saxony. in wikipedia

4–21 May 1849 Siege of Buda▲

Learning of the Hungarian victory at Nagysalló in April 1849, the Austrians evacuated Buda and Pest—which were immediately occupied by the Hungarians Revolutionary Army—but left a 5,000-strong garrison in Buda Castle under Heinrich Hentzi. The Hungarian general Artúr Görgei led some 34,000 troops to besiege them in early May and on the 21st captured the castle by assault. The fall of Buda to the Hungarians restored their capital and marked the end of the Spring Campaign. in wikipedia

4 May 1849 Frankfurt Resolution▲

On 28 April 1849 King Frederick William IV of Prussia finally rejected the role of “Emperor of the Germans” that had been offered to him by the German National Assembly (Frankfurt Parliament) one month earlier. In response, the National Assembly issued a resolution instructing all the German states to accept the Frankfurt Constitution, that elections for the lower house would be held on 15 July, and that if the King of Prussia continued to reject the Imperial Crown, it would be offered to another ruler. Rather than back down, Prussia and a number of other German states ordered their delegates to boycott the Frankfurt Parliament. in wikipedia

7–18 May 1849 May Uprising in Rhenish Prussia▲

In late April 1849 Frederick William IV of Prussia rejected the title of German Emperor offered by the Frankfurt Parliament and dissolved the Second Chamber of the Prussian Government for recognizing the Frankfurt Constitution. In response, militia around Elberfeld, Dusseldorf, Solingen, and other towns in the Prussian Rhineland mutinied in support of the constitution in early May. Despite significant popular support, they were swiftly suppressed by troops of the Kingdom of Prussia. in wikipedia

1840s 1849 Austria Bavaria European history France Frankfurt German Confederation Germany Hungary Italy maps May May 9 Prussia Rhineland Roman Republic Saxony Tuscany Vatican City Year of Revolutions

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