Eastern Mediterranean 276: Probus vs Florian

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Political map of the Eastern Mediterranean on 29 Aug 276 (Crisis of the Third Century: Probus vs Florian), showing the following events: Probus’ Revolt; Probus–Florian War.

Tacitus was succeeded by his half-brother Florian, who was almost immediately challenged by the general Probus. Although Probus was only recognized in a few eastern provinces, and had a much smaller army, he quickly outmaneuvered and deposed Florian to become the sole emperor in September 276.

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Main Events

Jun 276 Probus’ Revolt ▲

When the eastern legions learned of the death of Tacitus and his succession by Florian in June 276, they proclaimed Marcus Aurelius Probus—their general and a veteran of Aurelian’s restoration wars—as emperor. Probus quickly gained recognition in Syria, Phoenice, Palestina, and Egypt, but lacked both the troop numbers and wider support of his rival Florian. in wikipedia

Aug–Sep 276 Probus–Florian War ▲

When Florian heard of Probus’ claim, he abandoned his pursuit of the Heruli—allowing these invaders to escape across the Black Sea—and headed south to Tarsus with his army. Outnumbered by his rival, Probus avoided direct combat until Florian’s troops—who were mostly European and therefore unaccustomed to the climate of Cilicia—began suffering from the summer heat and disease. Probus then attacked and, easily defeating his weakened enemy outside Tarsus, deposed Florian. in wikipedia

270s 276 Adana August August 29 Egypt Heruli maps Palestine Phoenicia Roman civil wars Roman Empire Syria

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