Europe, 23 Jan 41 AD: Reign of Caligula
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Political map of Europe & the Mediterranean on 23 Jan 41 AD (The Julio-Claudian Dynasty: Reign of Caligula), showing the following events: Parthian Civil Wars of 36–42; Principate of Caligula; Reign of Herod Agrippa; Caligula’s interference in Armenia; Caligula’s Commagene; Caligula’s Northern Campaign; Seizure of Mauretania.

R o m a n E m p i r e(Caligula)

Parthian
Empire(Gotarzes II)

F i n n o - U g r i c P e o p l e s

S a r m a t i a n s

Greater
Yuezhi
(Tokharistan)

Persis(Parth. client)

Mauretania(R. occ.)

Armenia(Parth. client)

Nabataea(R. client)

Africa
Proconsularis(R. sen.)

Lycia(R. client)

Iberia(R. client)

Pontus(R. client)

Emesa(R. client)

Albania(R. client)

Elymais(Parth. client)

Media
Atropatene(Parth. client)

Lusitania(R. imp.)

Bosporan K.(R. client)

Rhodes(R. client)

Galatia(R. imp.)

Adiabene(Parth. client)

Characene(Parth. client)

Macedonia(R. sen.)

Iazyges(R. client)

Quadi(R. client)

Marco-
manni(Quad. ctrl)

Cher.(R. client)

Herm-
unduri(R. client)

Lower
Illyricum(R. imp.)

Cappadocia(R. imp.)

Upper
Illyricum(R. imp.)

Noricum(R. imp.)

Achaea(R. sen.)

Sicily(R. sen.)

Belgica(R. imp.)

Aquitania(R. imp.)

Narbonensis(R. sen.)

Cilicia(R. imp.)

Cyprus(R. sen.)

Bithynia(R. sen.)

Baetica(R. sen.)

Lugdunensis(R. imp.)

Corsica
&
Sardinia(R. sen.)

Thrace(R. client)

Crete
&
Cyrenaica(R. sen.)

Cottii(R. client)

Tarraconensis(R. imp.)

Raetia(R. imp.)

Moesia(R. imp.)

L. Arm.(R. client)

Wielbark
culture

Araba(Parth. client)

Osroene(Parth. client)

Przeworsk
culture

Wusun(Ch. vas.)

Mogador(Maurt.)

Rhysaddir?(Maurt.)

Rutubis?(Maurt.)

Tylos(Parth. client)

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